Endocrine Abstracts

The first evidence of a potential role for microRNAs in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) was an overexpression of several miRs in tumor tissue compared with unaffected tissue of the thyroid gland. The list of highly upregulated miRs (up to 19.3 fold) included miR-146, miR-221/222, miR-155, miR-34, and miR-181 and was soon confirmed. This finding suggests that altered microRNAs might be factors playing a role in the tumorigenesis of PTC. Further evidence supporting this argume...

Objectives: Aberrances in expression and sequence of miR-146a have a well-established role in pathogenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The G/C heterozygosity in rs2910164 of miR-146a underlies genetic predisposition to PTC and occurs as a somatic mutation in thyroid tumors. Deleterious function of rs2910164 consists in creation of a new variant of microRNA, resulting from the fact that a single microRNA precursor gives rise to −5p and −3p microRNAs. The S...

Background: Classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is diagnosed mainly in newborns. While patients with salt wasting form cannot survive without timely diagnosis, those with simple virilizing or nonclassical may be diagnosed even in advanced age.Aim: To present clinical, biochemical, radiological and genetic characteristics of series of CAH patients diagnosed in advanced adulthood.Material and methods: Eight patients (F=5, ...

Objectives: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) exhibits aberrant expression of retinoic acid receptor β (RARβ), a retinoic acid-inducible transcription factor, essential for cellular growth and development. The mechanisms leading to decreased RARβ expression in tumors are unknown. We hypothesized that changes in expression of RARB, a gene encoding for RARβ, result from aberrant expression of microRNAs. We elucidated the miRNome of normal thyroid and...

Objectives: The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) is a glycoprotein with unique ability of transporting iodine into the thyroid follicle. Apart from the importance in thyroid hormone synthesis, this function of NIS allows the use of radioactive iodine to target residual and metastatic thyroid cancer after thyroidectomy. However, 20–30% of thyroid tumors exhibit lowered expression of NIS, resulting in decreased uptake of radioiodine and inefficient post-surgical therapy. Mecha...

Objectives: Apical iodide transporter (AIT) is essential for thyroid homeostasis, functioning both as iodide transporter and a potent tumor suppressor. Its decreased levels observed in thyroid cancer underlie its progression and inefficiency of radioactive iodine treatment, used for ablation of post-operative and metastatic thyroid cancer cells. Mechanisms of AIT downregulation in cancer are largely unknown, but recent data on overexpression of microRNAs in thyroid cancer sugg...

Introduction: Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) exhibits activation of MAPK (Mitogen-activated protein kinases) pathway, leading to uncontrolled cellular division and growth. Concomitantly, thyroid tumors exhibit aberrant expression of numerous microRNAs, which are non-coding RNAs that inhibit expression of protein-coding genes. Employing next-generation sequencing (NGS), we revealed comprehensive miRNA profiles of normal thyroid and PTC, and identified putative novel microRNA...

Introduction: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy where alterations in the RET/PTC–RAS–BRAF signaling pathway and deregulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression are suggested to be major mechanism of pathogenesis. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that recognize specific sequences in 3′UTR of target gene and prevent from its translation. Our recent deep sequencing studies of thyroid tissue transcriptome revealed a put...

Background: Risk of developing papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most frequent thyroid malignancy, is elevated up to 8.6-fold in the first-degree relatives of PTC patients, what could be explained by polygenic action of low-penetrance alleles. Since the DNA-damaging exposure to ionizing radiation is a known risk factor for thyroid cancer, polymorphisms in DNA repair genes are likely to affect this risk. Among the DNA repair proteins, the ATM–CHEK2–BRCA1 axis see...

Objectives: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. Its heritability is the highest among common cancers, as evidenced by family-based studies. Thyroid hormone receptor β gene (THRB), a known tumor suppressor, is crucial for the proper thyroid function, therefore its polymorphisms are likely to affect the risk for thyroid cancer.Aim of the study: In order to identify alleles that might modify...